Rufous-collared Sparrow

The Rufous-collared Sparrow is widespread across Ecuador, occurring from lowland valleys to high Andean páramo, typically between 600 and 4,000 meters, and thriving in open and semi-open habitats including gardens, agricultural fields, and urban parks. It is one of the most familiar and abundant birds in the country, often seen foraging on the ground or singing from exposed perches with its rich, whistled song. The species is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, with an extremely large range and an increasing global population estimated between 5 and 50 million mature individuals. Natural history observations highlight its adaptability, complex vocal repertoire, and cup-shaped nests built in shrubs or grassy banks, with both sexes contributing to parental care.